PASADO SIMPLE

El presente simple se suele utilizar para referirnos a acciones que tuvieron lugar en un momento concreto del pasado o acciones que ocurrieron en el pasado y que han finalizado, aunque no se mencione el momento preciso.. Se utilizan partículas como yesterday (ayer) o last year (el pasado año).

She finished school last year -> Acabó el colegio el pasado año.                                      Who wrote that letter? -> ¿Quién escribió esta carta?

Para formar el pasado debemos poner el verbo en su forma pasada, y para ello tenemos que distinguir dos clases de verbos: los regulares y los irregulares.

Reglas para los verbos regulares

Los verbos regulares, para pasarlos al pasado, tienen que acabar en -ed, pero también tiene excepciones.
                to listen (escuchar) -> listened
Solo tenemos que añadir la d cuando el verbo ya acaba en e.
                to change (cambiar) -> changed
Si la última vocal del verbo está formada por consonante-vocal-consonante, y es en esta última consonante donde recae el acento, tenemos que doblar dicha consonante. También si el verbo acaba en l tenemos que doblarla.
                to stop (parar) -> stopped
                to travel (viajar) -> travelled

• Negación e interrogación del pasado simple

Para formar las preguntas en el pasado simple utilizamos el auxiliar to do en su forma pasada (did) para todas las personas . Los verbos que no necesitan auxiliar, como to have o to be, se utilizarán en pasado (son irregulares).

Did you go to the party? -> ¿Fuistes a la fiesta?

- did+sujeto+verbo en infinitivo (sin to) + complementos ? --> interrogación
- sujeto + didn't + verbo infinitivo (sin to) +complementos --> negación



Reglas para los verbos irregulares

Infinitivo	Pasado simple	Participio
to be	was/were	been
to become	became	become
to begin	began	begun
to bite	bit	bitten
to break	broke	broken
to bring	brought	brought
to build	built	built
to burn	burned o burnt	burnt
to buy	bought	bought
to catch	caught	caught
to come	came	come
to cost	cost	cost
to cut	cut	cut
to dig	dug	dug
to do	did	done
to draw	drew	drawn
to drink	drank	drunk
to drive	drove	driven
to eat	ate	eaten
to fall	fell	fallen
to feel	felt	felt
to fight	fought	fought
to find	found	found
to fly	flew	flown
to get	got	gotten*
to give	gave	given
to go	went	gone
to grow	grew	grown
to have	had	had
to hear	heard	heard
to hide	hid	hidden
to hit	hit	hit
to hold	held	held
to hurt	hurt	hurt
to keep	kept	kept
to know	knew	known
to learn	learned	learnt
to leave	left	left
to lie	lay	lain
to lose	lost	lost
to make	made	made
to mean	meant	meant
to pay	paid	paid
to put	put	put
to read	read	read
to ride	rode	ridden
to ring	rang	rung
to run	ran	run
to say	said	said
to see	saw	seen
to sell	sold	sold
to send	sent	sent
to set	set	set
to show	show/shown/showed	shown
to sing	sang	sung
to sink	sank	sunk
to sit	sat	sat
to smell	smelled	smelt
to speak	spoke	spoken
to spell	spelled	spelt
to spend	spent	spent
to spill	spilled	spilt
to spoil	spoiled	spoilt
to stand	stood	stood
to steal	stole	stolen
to stick	stuck	stuck
to sweep	swept	swept
to swim	swam	swum
to take	took	taken
to teach	taught	taught
to tear	tore	torn
to tell	told	told
to think	thought	thought
to throw	threw	thrown
to understand	understood	understood
to wake	woke	woken
to wear	wore	worn
to win	won	won
to write	wrote	written

Estas formas solo se utilizan en afirmativa, la negación e interrogación se forman con el did, excepto el  verbo to be.
   - we went to the cinema yesterday
   - we didn't go to the cinema yesterday
   - did you go to the cinema yesterday?
   - he was born last month
   - he wasn't born last month
   - was he born last month?